Chuck Wagon History
Chuck Wagon History
The chuck wagon was the heart of the round-up and trail
drive. Cooks were often older men or former cowboys. Cattlemen paid them well.
They knew good food was critical to a happy and hardworking crew.
The chuck box loaded in the back of the wagon was a
honeycomb of drawers and shelves. The larger back partition held sourdough
starter, a flour sack and larger utensils. Smaller spaces contained tin plates,
'eatin irons, [utensils] and a 3 to 5 gallon coffee pot. If the weather was
cold, the cook often kept the sourdough starter against his body, as it
required constant warmth. Heavy pots and
pans were stored in a hinged box below the chuck box. A water barrel was mounted on the wagon
side. It was cooled by wrapping in wet
canvas or gunny sack. A jockey box
beneath the footboard held emergency equipment such as hobbles or horseshoeing
tools. The wagon bed held other staples
and bedrolls. In a large outfit, there was often a separate wagon for bedrolls.
A Dutch oven, a cast iron pot with legs and a rimmed lid was
essential. It was placed over hot
coals. More coals were then piled on the
lid. Equally important was the large
coffee pot and a couple of kettles. At
the campfire, fire hooks dangled from the crossbar over the heat for the pots
to hang on. The 'gouch hook lifted hot
and heavy lids. There was a dish pan for
mixing bread, a kettle for heating water for washing, a 'wreck or 'roundup pan
for dirty dishes, and a 'squirrel can' for scraps.
Sourdough was a staple and cooks guarded their dough
keg. A typical day's food on the trail
was meat, hot bread, dried fruit and coffee for breakfast. The noon and dinner meal included roast beef,
boiled potatoes, beans, brown gravy, light bread or biscuits, and coffee.
Dessert included stewed dried fruit, spiced cake made
without eggs or butter, dried fruit pies, or spotted pup [rice and
raisins]. Northern cowboys were more
likely to get beef with their meals.
Some outfits in the Southwest made do with salt pork, beans and
sourdough.
National Park Service www.nps.gov
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